Educational Book Publishing in the Tuvan People’s Republic in 1921–1944
https://doi.org/10.20913/2618-7515-2025-1-57-67
Abstract
The purpose of the article is to explore the development of the education book publishing in the Tuvan People’s Republic (TPR) and the connection of education with socio-economic and cultural transformations, taking place in the region in the period from 1921 to 1944.
The creation of TPR opened up new horizons for political and educational reforms. Conditioned by the high level of illiteracy among the population, the Republic government came across the necessity to create the system of education that required solving the issue of developing the Tuvan written language. In 1923, at the Second Tuvan People Revolutionary Party Congress, the initial steps to introduce general compulsory education were taken, being an important start of the educational reform. As a result, the new state written language was developed based on the New Turkic alphabet, adopted in 1930, that became a significant step in eradication of illiteracy. Since the creation of the first textbooks, such as the primer of 1927, and up to the mid of the 1940s, efforts were made to develop educational materials, including textbooks on various subjects. These initiatives were carried out both within the frames of local publishing houses and with the involvement of centralized resource organizations of the USSR, which allowed creating the own educational base. The conclusion of the article stresses that by 1944 there was established the school education system, which stimulated the process of working out textbooks and consequently contributed to increasing the cultural level of the population of the Tuvan People’s Republic and improving the quality of education.
About the Authors
I. V. Podik
Tuvan State University
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Irina Vitalevna Podik, Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences,
Associate Professor
Department of General History, Archeology and Documentation
667700; 36 Lenina St.; Republic of Tuva; Kyzyl
Competing Interests:
The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest that require disclosure in this article
M. S. Balgan
Tuvan State University
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Marina Sergeevna Balgan, Deputy Director of the Library
Scientific Library
667700; 36 Lenina St.; Republic of Tuva; Kyzyl
Competing Interests:
The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest that require disclosure in this article
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1. Рис. 1. Обложка «Тыва уругларныҥ эҥ ӫрэнир tептэри баштап ужүкэ» («Букварь для тувинских детей») | |
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2. Рис. 2. Обложки изданий с указанием издательства «Tьva ulustun nom cogaadьr ceri» (дословный перевод с тувинского «Место тувинского народа, где сочиняют книги») | |
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3. Рис. 2. Обложки изданий с указанием издательства «Tьva ulustun nom cogaadьr ceri» (дословный перевод с тувинского «Место тувинского народа, где сочиняют книги») | |
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4. Рис. 2. Обложки изданий с указанием издательства «Tьva ulustun nom cogaadьr ceri» (дословный перевод с тувинского «Место тувинского народа, где сочиняют книги») | |
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5. Рис. 3. Обложки изданий с указанием издательства «Cogaal komitedi» («Комитет печати») | |
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6. Рис. 3. Обложки изданий с указанием издательства «Cogaal komitedi» («Комитет печати») | |
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7. Рис. 4. Иллюстрации в учебнике Pistiꞑ azyl: pir tygaar tepter: 1 tygaar cada shkolanyn 3, 4 tygaar cьlьnda өөrenir nom / TAR Kultur ministeriniꞑ ceri; ро tepterni ester А. Kordova, Т. Sedip-ool, Suura Toka suglar cogaatkan; еs А. Palmвax sуур kөrgen; xarьsalgalьg red. Т. Sedip-ool. Moskva, 1934. Аr. 37; 57. | |
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8. Рис. 4. Иллюстрации в учебнике Pistiꞑ azyl: pir tygaar tepter: 1 tygaar cada shkolanyn 3, 4 tygaar cьlьnda өөrenir nom / TAR Kultur ministeriniꞑ ceri; ро tepterni ester А. Kordova, Т. Sedip-ool, Suura Toka suglar cogaatkan; еs А. Palmвax sуур kөrgen; xarьsalgalьg red. Т. Sedip-ool. Moskva, 1934. Аr. 37; 57. | |
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Review
For citations:
Podik I.V., Balgan M.S. Educational Book Publishing in the Tuvan People’s Republic in 1921–1944. Proceedings of SPSTL SB RAS. 2025;(1):57-67. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.20913/2618-7515-2025-1-57-67
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