TThe article raises the issues of scientific support for the development of librarianship in the conditions of digitalization. It presents the analysis of the scientific agenda of library and information sciences, laid down in the “Strategy for the development of librarianship in the Russian Federation until 2030”. The possibilities of solving problems relevant to the industry within the framework of the new nomenclature and passport of the scientific specialty “Library Science, Bibliography and Book Studies” are critically evaluated. It is proposed to consider the nomenclature of scientific specialties as a system integrity, within which the search for areas of interdisciplinary interaction and migration to other scientific specialties is carried out at the level of the subject of research. The scientific specialties that have theoretical and organizational potential for research and development of issues of digital development of librarianship have been identified. The ways of harmonization of library and information sciences with the new positions of the specialty 5.10.4 and a new field of science – cultural studies have been defined, the task of determining the direction of scientific research has been set. The possibilities of studying library and information issues in line with the research of the actual problems of digitalization of culture as one of the branches in which library construction is actively conducted have been analyzed, their connection with the priorities of scientific and technological development has been determined. The definition of digitalization of culture is given as a set of new IT solutions, new design of the cultural information space, new relationships in the professional and social environment, new economic models, new cultural codes. Among the promising areas of research that are important for the development of librarianship in the modern conditions there have been defined: digitalization of cultural heritage preservation (scientific tasks that make up the “technical” and “humanitarian” streams are highlighted); digital resources of culture and art and electronic libraries (a single digital space of culture as a theoretical concept and strategic guideline); digitalization of creative industries and digitalization of everyday cultural practices; digital reading infrastructure; human problems in digital culture; digital formats of “documenting culture”; digitalization of culture in the context of intellectual property; digital humanities.

The article presents an analysis of the bibliographic database of the Google Academy as a source for studying the most cited articles of leading foreign journals in library and information sciences. The most rated journals on library science are introduced. The crisis of foreign library science as a social discipline in the subjects of the journal Scientometrics is ascertained. The place of foreign library science in the interdisciplinary discourse for November 2022 has been estimated. The leader of the turn towards new library science with greater focus on knowledge management and socio-ethical component in researches is designated R. David Lankes Professor of Library Science at the University of Texas in Austin. Based on the analysis of the most cited articles in the leading foreign journals on library science, the ways of modern library studies within the framework of the so-called “social turn”, as well as the directions of interdisciplinary research in the field of social sciences with the participation of specialists in library and information sciences, are shown. When searching for a new library methodology, the so-called “chronotopy” and “altmetrics” are considered as a compromise option for combining quantitative and qualitative research methods, which also involve the author’s immersion in the content under study – the basis for scientific introspection, self-reflection and self-control.

Modern society is characterized by permanent rapid and global transformations – economic, technological and cultural. The ways of creating, processing and storing information are radically changing, and a new generation of its consumers is being formed in accordance with this. For the professional community, this means the need for constant revision of both the foundations of the existence of the library social institute as a whole and the individual components of its activities. Such “reformatting” is impossible without serious research work that anticipates and justifies any significant changes in the library field. One of the central concepts and subjects of study in library science and practice today is information needs (IP), as well as a broader phenomenon – the information behavior of categories of information users served by the library. This article continues the tradition of studying the readers’ contingent, its search behavior and individual information needs, which has a rich history in the State Public Scientific Technological Library of SB RAS. The need to comprehend new social and technological transformations that primarily affect the interaction of the library and the reader has always been in the focus of its specialists. The analysis carried out by the authors of the study makes it possible, in particular, to determine subject trends, the degree of activity of readers’ groups, and presence of common and specific features in their structure. Differentiation of information needs according to these parameters reveals new trends in the use of SPSTL SB RAS collections and allows us to talk about the significant development of the service system technology of the Library from traditional forms of interaction with the reader to communication forms based on computer technologies, from the moment of its foundation up today. Further deepening of research in this area is important for the development and perfection of information services for its readers and users.

The purpose of the article is to identify ways to develop the system of scientific and methodological support for the work of structural divisions of scientific institutions of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (UB RAS) (libraries, departments, sectors) that provide information and library support for their activities. The scientific and methodological center for libraries of scientific institutions of UB RAS is the Central Scientific Library of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (CSL UB RAS). To determine the priority directions of development of CSL UB RAS in the fi of scientific and methodological support of the network libraries, the analysis of the main indicators of their activities in the period from 2017 to 2021 was carried out. It revealed a steady decline in the indicators of library visits in stationary conditions, a decrease in the receipt of literature on physical media, an increase in the issuance of documents (mainly electronic documents from remote full–text databases) and an increase in applications in the distant format. Based on the data obtained and taking into account current trends in the fi      of information support for science, the priority directions of CSL UB RAS activities developing the scientific and methodological support system for network libraries have been formulated. The implementation of these directions will ensure the effective use of the aggregated collection of libraries’ printed publications, the joint development of electronic sources of foreign scientific information, the organization of effective information services using remote technologies, the development of scientific libraries’ personnel potential, taking into account current trends in the information infrastructure of science. Strengthening system links within the network of libraries of UB RAS scientific institutions will become one of the components for building an effective system of cooperation and coordination of libraries of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

In the modern world, the Internet representation of an organization has long ceased to be a fashionable trend, but has become a significant form of communication dictated by the requirements of time. The effectively organized work of the Internet representation helps to inform about the results of activities and achievements, to form image, to establish communication and feedback, affordable, prompt service and liaison. In the conditions of information competition, it is especially important for scientific organizations to be present in the Internet space. Conventionally, Websites are considered as the Internet main representation. A relatively new type of the Internet representation are pages in social networks, including those of scientific libraries and research institutes. Despite the common tasks and related functions, they have a number of differences and advantages over each other. It is proposed in the study to consider profiles of scientific organizations and author profiles on scientific platforms (Web of Science, Scopus, ORCID, RSCI, ScienceID, ResearchGate, Google Scholar and others) as a specialized type of the Internet representations. Unlike websites and social networks, they are aimed only at specialists in the scientific field. The purpose of the work is to determine whether the profile of the organization and the author’s profile of the scientist is a kind of the Internet representation. The article considers approaches to understanding the Internet representation, types, tasks and criteria characteristic of all types of the Internet representations, the definition of the “Internet representation” has been formulated. Scientific profiles have been analyzed from the viewpoint of their compliance with the tasks and criteria of the Internet representative offices. The role of the scientific library in the formation of the Internet representations of scientific organizations has been determined.

The purpose of the article is to reveal the functional features of the Republican Library for Science and Technology of the Republic of Belarus as the main information structure ensuring the innovative activity of the country. In the modern conditions, the successful development of science and technology is one of the factors of national security. Achievement of the set government tasks is impossible without systematic analytical study of patents, scientific and technical literature, as well as technical normative legal acts. The necessary information base has been established in Belarus, which is located in the Republican Library for Science and Technology, which is the largest center of information on science and technology and the only one of the republican libraries of Belarus with its regional structure. Regional scientific and technical libraries operate as branches in each of the region centers. In each regional center there work, statured as branches, regional libraries for scientific and technical literature, which provide equal access to library resources for users from different parts of the country. One of the main tasks of RLST and its regional branches is library and information-bibliographic servicing enterprises, organizations and institutions of the republic – their collective subscribers. Since its establishment and for 45 years of its history, RLST has been providing information support for the scientific and technical sphere of Belarus, being the state repository of patents, the depository of technical normative legal acts and other documents in the field of standardization, industrial catalogs, scientific and technical publications, providing access to national and international resources, actively using electronic services in its work. The article briefly describes the contribution of RLST staff to the study of the history of invention in Belarus. Examples of resources created on the basis of case studies are given. Working with children and youth to increase their interest in scientific and technological activities and to promote the ideas of sustainable development in Belarus is one of the new vectors of RLST educational work.

T

This article is devoted to exposing and considering the most unique and interesting book monuments stored in the collections of the Central Scientific Library named after Yakub Kolas of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. It reveals the features of some copies of the French philosopher and naturalist Rene Descartes’ works dated to the XVII–XX centuries. The main part of the research is based on studying the traces of existence of individual copies from the National Library of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, including the lifetime edition of Rene Descartes "Discours sur la method". The description of these copies’ specific features (stamps, records, marks of previous owners) is presented.

This study aim consists in demonstrating the need to identify rare and valuable monuments of book culture stored in libraries and often hidden from the employees themselves. The methods used in the study are that of heuristic search and attribution of copies of book culture. The article reflects one of the most relevant and productive areas of research work in academic libraries: that is search, identification and scientific description of book monuments stored in their collections, and their presentation in electronic repositories. The identification of 14 works by Rene Descartes and the description of the most interesting of them has become the result of the study. The material is interesting for library specialists working with rare and ancient documents and engaged in the study and popularization of library collections.

One of the most significant and well-known samizdat publications – the collection "The Process of Four" – is considered in several aspects: as inheriting the traditions of the previous samizdat collection "The White Book", as revolutionary (an array of letters in defense of the accused) for the beginning of the human rights movement in the USSR and as a unique text , which has its own, special handwritten version. The personality of this original copy creator – the scientist from Novosibirsk Academgorodok  A.I. Fet – is interpreted as playing an important role in terms of the manuscript “The Process of Four” existence, its study and interpretation. Particular attention is paid to the process of creating its copy in the late 60s, which took place not only against the background of the persecution of differently minded in Akademgorodok, where the copy of the collection was printed, but also in parallel with the work of A. I. Fet on studying, translating and printing works of famous biologists, psychologists, philosophers, also intended for samizdat. It is emphasized and substantiated that the creation of this copy of “The Process of Four” by A. I. Fet, but it is stipulated that this copy could have been partially printed by him, and the manuscript included ready-made parts (blocks) of the original text. The views of A. I. Fet on dissidence and human rights activities, characterized by unorthodoxity and originality are elucidated, numerous works from the collection of his scientific, philosophical and journalistic heritage are cited. This allows not only to take a different look at the context and circumstances of this collection typescript creation, but also to highlight some moments in the history of early samizdat in the USSR in the second half of the 1960s and its representatives’ activities.

Library is a cultural institute accumulating in itself various functions, including museum and archival ones. The author views personal, private, home or family library entering a museum collection as an indispensable component so museumification becomes the mode of its processing. In 2019 Gomel Regional Library became the owner of the unique archive of Gomel architects Ivan and Valentina Burlak, which consisted of 276 objects including 64 documents of their family library. This archive was sectioned into three collections: that of Ivan Burlak, of Valentina Burlak and general collection. This home library was inventoried as a complex of printed editions. The author worked out a concept according to which information and bibliographic, specific and structural polygraphic peculiarities of documents revealed themselves as much as possible. Structural elements of documents descriptions became: format, character of design and polygraphic implementation, degree of its safety, presence of provenances and inscriptions, belonging, source and way of acquisition, pressmarks. When creating pressmarks, the author of this article was guided by museum practice of objects systematization. Terminological system of document management and attribution completely describes library collections received as a gift and being an integral part of museum collections. Museumification makes it possible to identify more accurately any document belonging to library and museum collections. An organic combination and application of practical methods of document management and attribution expands public library’ possibilities, contributes to its development as a scientific institution.

The study of the unique bibliophile heritage of writers, historians, philosophers, scientists and artists who happened to be far from Russia is important from the point of view of understanding how the best representatives of Russian emigration sought to preserve the collections that they managed to bring out of Russia and multiply over the years of living abroad. Fortunately, many collections were returned to their homeland, but many rare priceless materials remained abroad forever. The problem of book collections existence, which for one reason or another and at different times fell into the category of “prohibited”, acquired special significance at the end of 1980s – the beginning of 1990s, after the abolition of all censorship restrictions in the country, and, as a result, the opening of library special collections and archives. The purpose of the article is – on the basis of a brief source review of emigrants’ collections which entered the leading libraries of Russia from abroad, and the collection gathered by the White Guard emigrant officer and politician, historian, publicist, bibliographer Ya. M. Lisovoy – to illustrate the need to move from the analytical stage of research activity in this subject field to the synthetic one aimed at accumulating research intentions on a general cultural scale. The fate of the collection in the period from 1915 to 1992 is traced, its structure is presented, and the analysis of Ya. M. Lisovoy publishing activity is undertaken.

The purpose of the article is an interdisciplinary analysis of the concepts of «neurophilosophy» and «neurobibliology» in the system of cognitive sciences as varieties of cognitive sciences. It shows the importance of a new formulation of the problem. Neurophilosophy is an area of interdisciplinary research based both on knowledge of the neurophysiological foundations of mental phenomena and on computer methods for modeling brain activity. The brain cannot be understood without the problem of subjective experience and consciousness, but consciousness cannot be understood without studying the brain. Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences K.V. Anokhin considers the problems of creativity in the context of the cognitome / connectome construction. The cognitome is a reflection of the system of subjective experience, and the connectome is the architecture of the body's neural network. According to K.V. Anokhin, the book is an external cognitome.
The author proposes the concept of neurobibliology as an interdisciplinary scientific direction at the intersection of bibliology and the theory of cognitive processes. It is based on the «cognitome» research program. The key object of study of neurobibliology is the «book – book business – reader» system in relation to the brain mechanisms of the behavior of the cognitome.
The book science of neurosciences is a study of book science concepts of library science, bibliographic studies, reader studies, which underlie a particular neuroscience, as well as the study and analysis of the goals, methods, and problems of individual neurosciences. Thus, bibliology of neurosciences can be considered as a derivative of neurobibliology, which forms and solves the problems of neurosciences. Neurobibliology and bibliology of the neurosciences can be defined more as «a complex knowledge science» than «a complex cognitive science».

Science as a social institution that has a great impact on the formation of human capital deserves special attention. Of particular importance in this context is the issue of disseminating scientific knowledge and increasing interest in science in general. The article discusses the dynamics of studying the issues of interaction between science and society. The purpose of the article is to present an overview of the main areas of sociological studies conducted by Russian researchers in the field of examining the interaction of science and society both at the federal and regional levels. The exploration of this problem is carried out by scientists from such fields of knowledge as sociology, psychology, philosophy, journalism, economics, etc. Basing on the analysis of sources, the author has revealed that sociological research in the field of studying the interaction between science and society is carried out in several main directions. These are, firstly, studies aimed at studying the level of literacy of the population. Secondly, the study of attitudes towards the scientific community. The author makes the conclusion that the main indicators of public interest in science can be the analysis of reading popular science literature, visiting popular science and special events. For example, “Science 0+”, open scientific lectures, YouTube videos, etc.